Hyperpigmentation is a condition where certain areas of the skin appear darker than the surrounding surface because of excess melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. It may show up as small spots, larger patches, or an overall uneven tone. The color can range from light brown to deep black, influenced by the individual’s skin type.
While generally harmless, hyperpigmentation is very common and can cause cosmetic concern, sometimes signaling an underlying skin issue.
The most frequent causes of hyperpigmentation include prolonged sun exposure, hormonal fluctuations, inflammation, or reactions to certain medications or skin injuries. Understanding the source is essential, as targeted treatment can help reduce discoloration, promote a more even complexion, and improve overall skin quality.
The experienced team at ProDerm Skin & Surgery will work with you to determine the specific cause of your hyperpigmentation, then develop an effective treatment strategy to address the affected areas.
Signs & Symptoms
- Darkened patches or spots, varying in size and shade, that can appear individually or cover larger areas.
- Common on sun-exposed regions (face, neck, chest, hands) and in areas of prior irritation, injury, or inflammation (such as after acne).
- Hyperpigmentation does not typically cause any pain or discomfort. That said, depending on the underlying condition causing hyperpigmentation, there may some associated irritation or discomfort.Â
- Hyperpigmentation may worsen with ongoing sun exposure or irritation. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation often follows injury, while melasma may fluctuate with hormones or UV exposure.
Causes of Hyperpigmentation
Excess melanin can result from:
- Sun exposure: Chronic UV damage is the most common trigger.
- Post-inflammatory response: Following acne, eczema, or skin trauma.
- Hormonal influences: Pregnancy, birth control, or endocrine disorders may lead to melasma.
- Medications: Certain drugs can increase pigmentation risk.
- Genetics: Family history can increase susceptibility.
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the type, severity, and cause of pigmentation. At ProDerm Skin & Surgery, therapies may include:
- Topical Prescriptions: Lightening agents, retinoids, or compounded blends to fade discoloration.
- Chemical Peels: Resurface the skin, targeting uneven tone and texture.
- Laser & Light-Based Therapies (Excel V®, IPL): Target pigment at different skin depths for clearer skin.
- Microneedling: Targeted micro-injuries that stimulate collagen production and evens out pigmentation when combined with topical agents.
- Preventive Care: Sun protection and gentle skincare to minimize recurrence.
Some forms of hyperpigmentation, especially those caused by inflammation or injury, may fade with time and proper care. Others, such as melasma, often require ongoing management. Contact the team at ProDerm Skin & Surgery to determine the best course of treatment for your hyperpigmentation needs.
What to Expect with Treatment
- Improvements are gradual — most treatments require multiple sessions.
- Results vary depending on the underlying cause, severity, and adherence to sun protection.
- Hyperpigmentation can recur if triggers such as UV exposure are not managed.